Flag Description

three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green, with a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; red symbolizes the blood shed for independence, yellow represents the country's mineral wealth, while green stands for its forests and natural wealth; the black star is said to be the lodestar of African freedom

Background:Formed from the merger of the British colony of the Gold Coast and the Togoland trust territory, Ghana in 1957 became the first sub-Saharan country in colonial Africa to gain its independence. Ghana endured a long series of coups before Lt. Jerry RAWLINGS took power in 1981 and banned political parties. After approving a new constitution and restoring multiparty politics in 1992, RAWLINGS won presidential elections in 1992 and 1996 but was constitutionally prevented from running for a third term in 2000. John KUFUOR succeeded him and was reelected in 2004. John Atta MILLS won the 2008 presidential election and took over as head of state, but he died in July 2012 and was constitutionally succeeded by his vice president John Dramani MAHAMA, who subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election.

Total Area: 238,533 sq km

Land Area:227,533 sq km

Water Area:11,000 sq km

Land Boundries Total:2,420 km

Border Countries:Burkina Faso 602 km, Cote d'Ivoire 720 km, Togo 1,098 km

Coastline:539 km

Lowest Point:Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Highest Point:Mount Afadjato 885 m

Population:25758108

Population Growth Rate:2.19% (2014 est.)

Religion:Christian 71.2% (Pentecostal/Charismatic 28.3%, Protestant 18.4%, Catholic 13.1%, other 11.4%), Muslim 17.6%, traditional 5.2%, other 0.8%, none 5.2% (2010 census)

Literacy(%):0.715

Literacy(%) Male:0.783

Literacy(%) Female:65.3% (2010 est.)

Independence Day:6 March 1957 (from the UK)

National Holiday:Independence Day, 6 March (1957)

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