Flag Description

white with a blue cross extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag); the blue represents the thousands of lakes scattered across the country, while the white is for the snow that covers the land in winter

Background:Finland was a province and then a grand duchy under Sweden from the 12th to the 19th centuries, and an autonomous grand duchy of Russia after 1809. It gained complete independence in 1917. During World War II, it successfully defended its independence through cooperation with Germany and resisted subsequent invasions by the Soviet Union - albeit with some loss of territory. In the subsequent half century, Finland transformed from a farm/forest economy to a diversified modern industrial economy; per capita income is among the highest in Western Europe. A member of the European Union since 1995, Finland was the only Nordic state to join the euro single currency at its initiation in January 1999. In the 21st century, the key features of Finland's modern welfare state are high quality education, promotion of equality, and a national social welfare system - currently challenged by an aging population and the fluctuations of an export-driven economy.

Total Area: 338,145 sq km

Land Area:303,815 sq km

Water Area:34,330 sq km

Land Boundries Total:2,563 km

Border Countries:Norway 709 km, Sweden 545 km, Russia 1,309 km

Coastline:1,250 km

Lowest Point:Baltic Sea 0 m

Highest Point:Halti (alternatively Haltia, Haltitunturi, Haltiatunturi) 1,328 m

Population:5,268,799 (July 2014 est.)

Population Growth Rate:0.05% (2014 est.)

Religion:Lutheran 78.4%, Orthodox 1.1%, other Christian 1.1%, other 0.2%, none 19.2% (2010 est.)

Literacy(%):1

Literacy(%) Male:1

Literacy(%) Female:100% (2000 est.)

Independence Day:6 December 1917 (from Russia)

National Holiday:Independence Day, 6 December (1917)

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