Flag Description

divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a yellow band; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the lower triangle is red; green symbolizes agriculture and forests, yellow the friendship and nobility of the people, red is unexplained but has been associated with the struggle for independence

Background:Upon independence in 1960, the former French region of Middle Congo became the Republic of the Congo. A quarter century of experimentation with Marxism was abandoned in 1990 and a democratically elected government took office in 1992. A brief civil war in 1997 restored former Marxist President Denis SASSOU-Nguesso, and ushered in a period of ethnic and political unrest. Southern-based rebel groups agreed to a final peace accord in March 2003, but the calm is tenuous and refugees continue to present a humanitarian crisis. The Republic of Congo is one of Africa's largest petroleum producers, but with declining production it will need new offshore oil finds to sustain its oil earnings over the long term.

Total Area: 342,000 sq km

Land Area:341,500 sq km

Water Area:500 sq km

Land Boundries Total:5,008 km

Border Countries:Angola 231 km, Cameroon 494 km, Central African Republic 487 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 1,229 km, Gabon 2,567 km

Coastline:169 km

Lowest Point:Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Highest Point:Mount Berongou 903 m

Population:4662446

Population Growth Rate:1.94% (2014 est.)

Religion:Roman Catholic 33.1%, Awakening Churches/Christian Revival 22.3%, Protestant 19.9%, Salutiste 2.2%, Muslim 1.6%, Kimbanguiste 1.5%, other 8.1%, none 11.3% (2010 est.)

Literacy(%):0.838

Literacy(%) Male:0.896

Literacy(%) Female:78.4% (2003 est.)

Independence Day:15 August 1960 (from France)

National Holiday:Independence Day, 15 August (1960)

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