Flag Description

three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the latter band is slightly wider than the other two so that the ratio of band widths is 8:9:8; the coat of arms features a quartered shield with the emblems of (starting in the upper left and proceeding clockwise): Urgell, Foix, Bearn, and Catalonia; the motto reads VIRTUS UNITA FORTIOR (Strength United is Stronger); the flag combines the blue and red French colors with the red and yellow of Spain to show Franco-Spanish protection

Background:The landlocked Principality of Andorra is one of the smallest states in Europe, nestled high in the Pyrenees between the French and Spanish borders. For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Bishop of Urgell). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the introduction of a modern, constitution; the co-princes remained as titular heads of state, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Andorra has become a popular tourist destination visited by approximately ten million people each year drawn by the winter sports, summer climate, and duty-free shopping. Andorra has also become a wealthy international commercial center because of its mature banking sector and low taxes. As part of its effort to modernize its economy, Andorra has opened to foreign investment, and engaged in other reforms, such as advancing tax initiatives aimed at supporting a broader infrastructure. Although not a member of the European Union (EU), Andorra enjoys a special relationship with the EU and uses the euro as its national currency.

Total Area: 468 sq km

Land Area:468 sq km

Water Area:0 sq km

Land Boundries Total:118 km

Border Countries:France 55 km, Spain 63 km

Coastline:0 km (landlocked)

Lowest Point:Riu Runer 840 m

Highest Point:Pic de Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m

Population:85,458 (July 2014 est.)

Population Growth Rate:0.17% (2014 est.)

Religion:Roman Catholic (predominant)

Literacy(%):1

Literacy(%) Male:1

Literacy(%) Female:1

Independence Day:1278 (formed under the joint sovereignty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Urgell)

National Holiday:Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)

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